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<a class="Constant" href="hebrew.html" name="hebrew.txt">hebrew.txt</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For&nbsp;<span class="Identifier">Vim version 8.0.</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;Last change: 2007 Jun 14<br>
<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Identifier">VIM REFERENCE MANUAL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;by Ron Aaron (and Avner Lottem)</span><br>
<br>
<br>
Hebrew Language support (options &amp; mapping) for Vim&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Constant" href="hebrew.html#hebrew" name="hebrew">hebrew</a><br>
<br>
The supporting&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleft'">'rightleft'</a>&nbsp;functionality was originally created by Avner<br>
Lottem. &lt;alottem at gmail dot com&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ron Aaron &lt;ron at ronware dot org&gt; is<br>
currently helping support these features.<br>
<br>
<span class="Special">{Vi does not have any of these commands}</span><br>
<br>
All this is only available when the&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="various.html#+rightleft">+rightleft</a>&nbsp;feature was enabled at<br>
compile time.<br>
<br>
<br>
Introduction<br>
<span class="PreProc">------------</span><br>
Hebrew-specific options are&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmapp'">'hkmapp'</a>&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'keymap'">'keymap'</a>=hebrew and&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'aleph'">'aleph'</a>.<br>
Hebrew-useful options are&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'delcombine'">'delcombine'</a>,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'allowrevins'">'allowrevins'</a>,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleft'">'rightleft'</a><br>
and&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleftcmd'">'rightleftcmd'</a>.<br>
<br>
The&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleft'">'rightleft'</a>&nbsp;mode reverses the display order, so characters are displayed<br>
from right to left instead of the usual left to right.&nbsp;&nbsp;This is useful<br>
primarily when editing Hebrew or other Middle-Eastern languages.<br>
See&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="rileft.html">rileft.txt</a>&nbsp;for further details.<br>
<br>
Details<br>
<span class="PreProc">--------------</span><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;Options:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleft'">'rightleft'</a>&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rl'">'rl'</a>) sets window orientation to right-to-left.&nbsp;&nbsp;This means<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;that the logical text 'ABC' will be displayed as 'CBA', and will start<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;drawing at the right edge of the window, not the left edge.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hk'">'hk'</a>) sets keyboard mapping to Hebrew, in insert/replace modes.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'aleph'">'aleph'</a>&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'al'">'al'</a>), numeric, holds the decimal code of Aleph, for keyboard<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mapping.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmapp'">'hkmapp'</a>&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkp'">'hkp'</a>) sets keyboard mapping to 'phonetic hebrew'<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Todo">NOTE</span>: these three (<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmapp'">'hkmapp'</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'aleph'">'aleph'</a>) are obsolete.&nbsp;&nbsp;You should<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; use &quot;:set keymap=hebrewp&quot; instead.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'delcombine'">'delcombine'</a>&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'deco'">'deco'</a>), boolean, if editing UTF-8 encoded Hebrew, allows<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;one to remove the niqud or te`amim by pressing 'x' on a character (with<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;associated niqud).<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleftcmd'">'rightleftcmd'</a>&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rlc'">'rlc'</a>) makes the command-prompt for searches show up on<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the right side.&nbsp;&nbsp;It only takes effect if the window is&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleft'">'rightleft'</a>.<br>
<br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;Encoding:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;Under Unix, ISO 8859-8 encoding (Hebrew letters codes: 224-250).<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;Under MS DOS, PC encoding (Hebrew letters codes: 128-154).<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;These are defaults, that can be overridden using the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'aleph'">'aleph'</a>&nbsp;option.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;You should prefer using UTF8, as it supports the combining-characters<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'deco'">'deco'</a>&nbsp;does nothing if UTF8 encoding is not active).<br>
<br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;Vim arguments:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;'vim -H file' starts editing a Hebrew file, i.e.&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'rightleft'">'rightleft'</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;are set.<br>
<br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;Keyboard:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'allowrevins'">'allowrevins'</a>&nbsp;option enables the&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>&nbsp;command in Insert mode and<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in Command-line mode.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>&nbsp;in insert/replace modes toggles&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;as follows:<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;When in rightleft window,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'nohkmap'">'nohkmap'</a>&nbsp;are toggled, since<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;English will likely be inserted in this case.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;When in norightleft window,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;are toggled, since Hebrew<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;will likely be inserted in this case.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>&nbsp;moves the cursor to the end of the typed text.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>&nbsp;in command mode only toggles keyboard mapping (see Bugs below).<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This setting is independent of&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;option, which only applies to<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;insert/replace mode.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Todo">Note</span>: On some keyboards,&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>&nbsp;is mapped to&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-?</span>.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; +&nbsp;&nbsp;Keyboard mapping while&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;is set (standard Israeli keyboard):<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;q w e r t y u i o p<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ ' ק ר א ט ו ן ם פ<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a s d f g h j k l ; '<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ש ד ג כ ע י ח ל ך ף ,<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;z x c v b n m , . /<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ז ס ב ה נ מ צ ת ץ .<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This is also the keymap when 'keymap=hebrew' is set.&nbsp;&nbsp;The advantage of<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'keymap'">'keymap'</a>&nbsp;is that it works properly when using UTF8, e.g. it inserts the<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;correct characters;&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;does not.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'keymap'">'keymap'</a>&nbsp;keyboard can also<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;insert niqud and te`amim.&nbsp;&nbsp;To see what those mappings are, look at the<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;keymap file 'hebrew.vim' etc.<br>
<br>
<br>
Typing backwards<br>
<br>
If the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;(reverse insert) option is set, inserting happens backwards.<br>
This can be used to type Hebrew.&nbsp;&nbsp;When inserting characters the cursor is not<br>
moved and the text moves rightwards.&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;<span class="Special">&lt;BS&gt;</span>&nbsp;deletes the character under the<br>
cursor.&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-W</span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-U</span>&nbsp;also work in the opposite direction.&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">&lt;BS&gt;</span>,&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-W</span><br>
and&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-U</span>&nbsp;do not stop at the start of insert or end of line, no matter how<br>
the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'backspace'">'backspace'</a>&nbsp;option is set.<br>
<br>
There is no reverse replace mode (yet).<br>
<br>
If the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'showmode'">'showmode'</a>&nbsp;option is set, &quot;-- REVERSE INSERT --&quot; will be shown in the<br>
status line when reverse Insert mode is active.<br>
<br>
When the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'allowrevins'">'allowrevins'</a>&nbsp;option is set, reverse Insert mode can be also entered<br>
via&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>, which has some extra functionality: First, keyboard mapping is<br>
changed according to the window orientation -- if in a left-to-right window,<br>
<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;is used to enter Hebrew text, so the keyboard changes to Hebrew<br>
(<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;is set); if in a right-to-left window,&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;is used to enter<br>
English text, so the keyboard changes to English (<a class="Type" href="options.html#'hkmap'">'hkmap'</a>&nbsp;is reset).&nbsp;&nbsp;Second,<br>
when exiting&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;via&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>, the cursor moves to the end of the typed<br>
text (if possible).<br>
<br>
<br>
Pasting when in a rightleft window<br>
<span class="PreProc">----------------------------------</span><br>
When cutting text with the mouse and pasting it in a rightleft window<br>
the text will be reversed, because the characters come from the cut buffer<br>
from the left to the right, while inserted in the file from the right to<br>
the left.&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to avoid it, toggle&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'revins'">'revins'</a>&nbsp;(by typing&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-?</span>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-_</span>)<br>
before pasting.<br>
<br>
<br>
Hebrew characters and the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'isprint'">'isprint'</a>&nbsp;variable<br>
<span class="PreProc">--------------------------------------------</span><br>
Sometimes Hebrew character codes are in the non-printable range defined by<br>
the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'isprint'">'isprint'</a>&nbsp;variable.&nbsp;&nbsp;For example in the Linux console, the Hebrew font<br>
encoding starts from 128, while the default&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'isprint'">'isprint'</a>&nbsp;variable is @,161-255.<br>
The result is that all Hebrew characters are displayed as ~x.&nbsp;&nbsp;To solve this<br>
problem, set isprint=@,128-255.<br>
<br>
<br>
&nbsp;vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:<br>
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